the Marking (transferring) of axes of an elevated part

Prior to the beginning of a laying or installation of an elevated part mark axes on a socle and overlapping over a cellar. For this purpose a theodolite establish over a sign on fastening of an alignment of an axis. A theodolite pipe focus along an axis alignment on a sign located on the other hand of the case, and direct at a socle or overlapping over a cellar. Mark an axis alignment; operations carry out two semireceptions, having a pipe alternately at the left, and to the right of a vertical circle of a theodolite. Thus mark on designs of a building of a point on which crossing of axial threads of a theodolite is vised. For an axis accept the distance middle between two received risks and fix it on a socle a pencil. At the left and on the right a paint two strips in width 8 put... 10мм.

On the first and the subsequent floors of an axis transfer more often inclined vising of a theodolite (fig. 114. For this purpose over stvornym it is familiar 1 fastenings of an axis establish a theodolite 2 and spend him into position: align after risk of a sign 1 and establish on level.

Vizirnuju focus an axis of a pipe of a theodolite on an alignment of an axis and lift before crossing of a horizontal thread of a grid with floor overlapping on which an axis transfer. On a vising beam on a wall hang up a plumb and on its thread put axial to risk (fig. 114. Drawing of axes on overlappings can be carried out also other reception. On overlapping establish a support with a heavy plumb and move it before coincidence of a thread of a plumb to a plane of a vertical thread of a grid of a pipe, i.e. With a vising plane. A plumb lower and mark a place of a contact an overlapping edge, i.e. A place of the transferred axis on overlapping. Similarly transfer also other axes, as a rule, buildings passing on external dimensions or constructions, and supervise correctness of transferring, measuring distances between axes, diagonals of rectangles.

a Fig. 114. Carrying over of marking axes on overlying floors :
And - on an erected floor, - on overlapping;
1 - the points fixing axes of a building, 2 - a theodolite, 3 - vizirnye theodolite beams, 4 - risks of the axes transferred on a floor, 5 - a plumb, 6 - metre, 7 - risks of axes on a building socle

Transferring of marks . Carrying over of marks on overlying floors is necessary for definition and a marking of position of crosspieces, ladder platforms, overlappings etc. For this purpose use roulettes, measuring them from "эѕыхтющ ю=ьх=ъш" on a building socle certain distance, for example, 50см above a floor of a corresponding floor. Noted thus risk of conditional horizon serves as a high-rise support for a marking of other marks in a floor. Using this riskoj, a level put on floor walls in the locations of the basic axes and ladder platforms risks of conditional horizon, and from them then do a marking of position of all constructive elements.

To provide accuracy of position and horizontal position of overlapping, using conditional horizon, define "ьюэ=рцэ№щ уюЁшчюэ=" i.e. A mark of a bottom of overlapping. Assembly horizon define taking into account actual highest marks of basic surfaces of walls on which will stack overlapping elements. All risks of transferable marks fix colouring.

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